Process information
| Key Data Set Information | |
| Location | IE |
| Geographical representativeness description | Ireland |
| Reference year | 2020 |
| Name |
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| Technical purpose of product or process | This LCA is carried out for the Cedral fibre cement slate. The constituent raw materials of the slate comprise: cement, GGBS, limestone, admixtures, synthetic fibres, pigments, paint and water. Cedral fibre cement slates are manufactured in accordance with IS EN 492:2012+A2:2018, ‘Fibre-cement slates and fittings. Product specification and test methods. This LCA is carried out for the Cedral fibre cement slate. The constituent raw materials of the slate comprise: cement, GGBS, limestone, admixtures, synthetic fibres, pigments, paint and water. Cedral fibre cement slates are manufactured in accordance with IS EN 492:2012+A2:2018, ‘Fibre-cement slates and fittings. Product specification and test methods.3.1 Manufacturing Process DescriptionCedral fibre cement slates are manufactured from a slurry of the above raw materials. The process is similar to the process used in papermaking, the Hatschek Process. Cellulose papers are mixed with water and refined to a consistency suitable for mixing with further materials. Ground limestone, synthetic fibres, and other minor constituents are then mixed with the cellulose slurry. This mix is then pumped into the final mixer, where additional water, cement and GGBS are added. The slurry is fed into vats containing rotating sieve cylinders that deposit a thin layer on to a felt. The layer is then transferred to a forming drum until a sheet of the desired thickness is achieved. This sheet is trimmed and cut into the required slate sizes. These are then placed between forming templates and compressed. The compressed slates are cured in a heated chamber and then at ambient indoor conditions. Then they are coated with pigmented paints. Finally, the slates are palletised, and are ready for despatch to the market.This LCA also covers the installation, use and end-of-life stages. This covers: transport to customer, installation on site, deconstruction/demolition, disposal and re-use. Installation on site includes use of copper nails/rivets to fix the slates. In the use phase (B1), it is assumed that the slates carbonate. At the end of life, it is assumed the slates are used to replace raw limestone that is used as a raw material for making cement. |
| General comment on data set | Data quality: Data flows have been modeled as realistically as possible. Data quality assessment is based on the principle that the primary data used for processes occurring at the production site is selected in the first instance. Where this is not available, other reference data is selected from appropriate sources. Data collection period: The dataset is representative for the production processes used in 2019. The process descriptions and quantities in this study are reproducible in accordance to the reference standards that have been used. The references of all sources, both primary and public sources and literature, have been documented in the LCA report. In addition, to facilitate the reproducibility of this LCA, a full set of data records has been generated which can be accessed via the Ecochain tool. This data portfolio contains a summary of all the data used in this LCA, and correspondingly, in the Cedral fibre cement roof slates Ecochain account. |
| Copyright | Yes |
| Owner of data set | |
| Quantitative reference | |
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| Time representativeness | |
| Data set valid until | 2025 |
| Time representativeness description | "23.03.2020" - "23.03.2025" |
| Technological representativeness | |
| Technology description including background system | A1. Raw materials supply This module considers the extraction and processing of all raw materials and energy which occur upstream to the Cedral cement fibre slate manufacturing process, as well as waste processing up to the end-of waste state A2. Transport of raw materials to manufacturer This includes the transport distance of the raw materials to the manufacturing facility via road, boat and/or train. A3. Manufacturing This module covers the manufacturing of Cedral slates and includes all processes linked to production such as mixing, placing and internal transport. Use of electricity, fuels and auxiliary materials in production is taken into account as well. Electricity is 100% renewable - certificate is supplied by electricity supplier.A4-A5. Transport and InstallationThis module covers road + sea transport of the slates from Ireland to construction sites across Ireland and mainland UK and fixing of the slates with copper rivets/nails on the structures. As fixing is manual, it is assumed no energy is consumed in the installation.References transport:Road transport: transport, freight, lorry 16-32 metric ton, EURO6Sea transport: transport, freight, sea, transoceanic shipDistance by road: 574 kmDistance by sea: 106km 9Issue date 23rd March 2020Valid to 23rd March 2025Declaration number EPDIE-20-21ECO Platform EPD no: 1163Capacity utilisation: 64%Bulk density of goods: 1950 kg/m3Installation of products in the building:Copper - 0.0728 kg per m2 of installed slatesB1. Use (Carbonation)The slates are permanently installed in the building and do not require any repair, maintenance or replacement. The only impact during the use phase is that of carbonation, where some CO2 is adsorbed from the atmosphere over the life of the slate. C2, C3, C4 and D. End of life and benefits beyond the system Deconstruction (C1) is assumed to be manual, and no energy is consumed. Transport (C2) of the deconstruction/demolition materials to their destination is taken to be 100km for disposal or reuse. Waste processing (C3) crushing for use as alternate raw material in Portland cement clinker production is assumed to use a small amount of diesel; Disposal in landfill (C4) of losses (0.1% by weight) of slates incurred in the removal from site to landfill (100 km),. Benefit beyond the system (D) of the slates is where they are used as an alternate raw material for Portland cement manufactur |
Modelling and validation
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Approval of overall compliance
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Methodological compliance
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| Compliance |
Compliance system name
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Approval of overall compliance
Fully compliant |
Nomenclature compliance
Fully compliant |
Methodological compliance
Fully compliant |
Review compliance
Fully compliant |
Documentation compliance
Fully compliant |
Quality compliance
Fully compliant |
Administrative information
| Data entry by | |
| Time stamp (last saved) | 2021-10-15T16:52:14 |
| Data set format(s) | |
| Publication and ownership | |
| UUID | 8753812b-0b66-458e-a2bf-1382542466b0 |
| Date of last revision | 2021-10-12T08:38:47.0376777Z |
| Data set version | 00.03.001 |
| Registration number | EPDIE 20-21 |
| Owner of data set | |
| Copyright | Yes |
| License type | Free of charge for all users and uses |
Environmental indicators
Indicators of life cycle