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Process Data set: Asphalt SMA 14 surf PMB 65/105 des PSV (no) en

Key Data Set Information
Location IE
Geographical representativeness description The asphalt is delivered to and used on construction sites in the Republic of Ireland.
Reference year 2025
Name
Asphalt SMA 14 surf PMB 65/105 des PSV
Use advice for data set This LCA covers the Product (A1, A2 and A3), Transport to site (A4), Construction Process (A5), End of Life (C1 to C4) and Benefits/loads beyond the system boundary (D) Stages, as indicated above. This is termed: "Cradle to gate with options, modules C1 to C4, and module D". A schematic of these stages is presented in the flow diagram below.
Technical purpose of product or process Asphalt raw materials comprise: fine and coarse aggregates, mineral filler, bitumen and in some cases specialist admixtures. Asphalt is produced by heating and mixing the raw materials to obtain a homogenous mix at a target temperature. The heated asphalt is transported to the construction site and laid on the road/paving sub-base material using specialised asphalt laying equipment. The asphalt is manufactured to the EN governing standard for the manufacturing of asphalts, I.S. EN 13108, parts 1-9, 21, 22 and 31.
General comment on data set Data quality: Time Representativeness: In this LCA the data relating to the usages, emissions and materials, and the data relating to the bespoke background processes for environmental impacts are less than 3 years apart, and also the Ecoinvent database version 3.8. The datasets for the raw material constituents that have the largest environmental impact (being bitumens) are from Ecoinvent V 3.8. Time Representativeness is considered to be Very good. Geographical Representativeness: The processes used in the production of the asphalt products are geographically representative, insofar as the production location (Ireland) lies within the region for which the relevant Ecoinvent (version 3.8) and any other bespoke environmental records have been selected. The dataset is up-to-date and representative for the current technology used in the processes of manufacturing the asphalt products. Geographical Representativeness is considered to be Very good. Technical Representativeness: Processes and energies used in the process have been modelled exactly as described by the asphalt manufacturer, and are based directly on the production data supplied by the manufacturer, in relation to processes, fuels used and emissions, and without any significant need for improvement. Technical Representativeness is considered to be Very good. Allocation: The source of default unit processes or activities is the Ecoinvent database version 3.8, system model “Allocation, cut-off by classification”. The measurement of environmental impacts in this EPD uses the LCIA methodologies recommended for PEF 3.0. In this EPD, the waste processes are allocated in the relevant module. In the case of the use of secondary materials or energy recovered from secondary fuels, the system boundary between the system under study and the previous system (providing the secondary materials) is set where outputs of the previous system, e.g. materials, products, building elements or energy, reach the end-of-waste state. The modularity and the polluter payer principles have been followed. Cut-off criteria: All relevant inputs and outputs - like emissions, energy and materials - have been taken into account in this LCA, and in accordance with EN15804+A2:2019. The study covers at least 95% of the materials and energy per module and at least 99% of the total use of materials and energy of each unit process. Long term emissions have been excluded from the study.
Copyright Yes
Owner of data set
Quantitative reference
Reference flow(s)
Biogenic carbon content
  • Innhold av biogent karbon i produkt: 1.0 kg
  • Innhold av biogent karbon i emballasjen: 1.0 kg
Time representativeness
Data set valid until 2030
Time representativeness description "2025-10-13" - "2030-10-12"
Technological representativeness
Technology description including background system Bitumen content: 4 - 7 % by mass Density: 2,336 kg/m3 Softening point: 50 - 60 degrees centigrade Viscosity: As per pen grade in product name Marshall Stability: 8-16 kN, depending on traffic loading Resilient modulus: 2,000-5,000 Mpa at 20 degrees centigrade Rut resistance: Min 10mm deformation under standard wheel tracking tests Fatigue life: > 1 million load cycles in well-designed mixes Permeability: < 10-5 cm/s

Indicators of life cycle

IndicatorDirectionUnit Transport
A4
 Installation
A5
 De-construction
C1
 Transport
C2
 Waste processing
C3
 Disposal
C4
 Recycling Potential
D
Fornybar primærenergi brukt som energibærer (RPEE)
Input
  • 3.529
  • 0.15
  • 0.0852
  • 3.529
  • 0.09546
  • 0
  • -6.49
Fornybar primærenergi brukt som energibærer (RPEE)
Input
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
Total bruk av fornybar primærenergi (TPE)
Input
  • 3.529
  • 0.15
  • 0.0852
  • 3.529
  • 0.09546
  • 0
  • -6.49
Ikke fornybar primærenergi brukt som energibærer (NRPE)
Input
  • 262.1
  • 27.9
  • 15.9
  • 262.1
  • 17.8
  • 0
  • -80.85
Ikke fornybar primærenergi brukt som råmateriale (NRPM)
Input
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
Total nicht erneuerbare Primärenergie (PENRT)
Input
  • 262.1
  • 27.9
  • 15.9
  • 262.1
  • 17.8
  • 0
  • -80.85
Bruk av sekundære materialer (SM)
Input
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
Bruk av fornybart sekundære brensel (RSF)
Input
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
Bruk av ikke fornybart sekundære brensel (NRSF)
Input
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
Netto bruk av ferskvann (W)
Input
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
Avhendet farlig avfall (HW)
Output
  • 0.0006445
  • 0.0000719
  • 0.0000409
  • 0.0006445
  • 0.00004588
  • 0
  • -0.0004104
Avhendet ikke-farlig avfall (NHW)
Output
  • 12.92
  • 0.035
  • 0.0199
  • 12.92
  • 0.02235
  • 0
  • -0.9495
Avhendet radioaktivt avfall (RW)
Output
  • 0.001668
  • 0.000181
  • 0.000103
  • 0.001668
  • 0.0001158
  • 0
  • -0.00666
Komponenter for gjenbruk (CR)
Output
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
Materialer for resirkulering (MR)
Output
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
Materialer for energigjenvinning (MER)
Output
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
Eksportert elektrisk energi(EEE)
Output
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
Eksportert termisk energi (ETE)
Output
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0

IndicatorUnit Transport
A4
 Installation
A5
 De-construction
C1
 Transport
C2
 Waste processing
C3
 Disposal
C4
 Recycling Potential
D
Abiotisk utarmingspotensial for fossile ressurser, fosile brensler (ADP-fossil)
  • 246.9
  • 26.3
  • 14.9
  • 246.9
  • 16.76
  • 0
  • -1039
Abiotisk utarmingspotensial for ikke-fossile ressurser, mineraler (ADP-elements)
  • 0.00005773
  • 9.84E-7
  • 5.6E-7
  • 0.00005773
  • 6.29E-7
  • 0
  • -0.0001044
Forsurningspotensial for kilder på land og vann (AP)
  • 0.04624
  • 0.0146
  • 0.00555
  • 0.04624
  • 0.007881
  • 0
  • -0.2019
Potensial for nedbryting av stratosfærisk ozon (ODP)
  • 0.000003774
  • 4.09E-7
  • 2.33E-7
  • 0.000003774
  • 2.612E-7
  • 0
  • -0.00001608
Overgjødslingspotensial til ferskvann (EP-freshwater)
  • 0.0001161
  • 0.00000635
  • 0.00000362
  • 0.0001161
  • 0.00000407
  • 0
  • -0.0004279
Overgjødslingspotensial til hav (EP-marine), hav og jord
  • 0.00919
  • 0.00636
  • 0.00217
  • 0.00919
  • 0.0033
  • 0
  • -0.04297
Overgjødslingspotensial til jord (EP-terrestrial)
  • 0.1024
  • 0.0697
  • 0.0238
  • 0.1024
  • 0.03632
  • 0
  • -0.5414
Globalt oppvarmingspotensial - biogene kilder( GWP-biogenic)
  • 0.01484
  • 0.000722
  • 0.000411
  • 0.01484
  • 0.0004588
  • 0
  • -0.106
Globalt oppvarmingspotensial - fossile brensler (GWP-fossil)
  • 16.28
  • 2.56
  • 1.45
  • 16.28
  • 1.628
  • 0
  • -18.27
Globalt oppvarmingspotensial arealbruk endringer i bruk av arealer (GWP-luluc)
  • 0.006512
  • 0.000189
  • 0.000107
  • 0.006512
  • 0.0001202
  • 0
  • -0.01573
Globalt oppvarmingspotensial -totalt (GWPtotal)
  • 16.31
  • 2.56
  • 1.45
  • 16.31
  • 1.63
  • 0
  • -18.35
Globalt oppvarmingspotensial beregnet etter prinsippet om umiddelbar oksidasjon (GWP-IOBC)
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
Potensial for fotokjemisk oksidantdanning (POCP)
  • 0.03937
  • 0.0177
  • 0.00629
  • 0.03937
  • 0.009324
  • 0
  • -0.1797
Utarmingspotensial for vannressurser (WDP)
  • 0.7515
  • 0.0409
  • 0.0233
  • 0.7515
  • 0.02609
  • 0
  • -10.31

IndicatorUnit Transport
A4
 Installation
A5
 De-construction
C1
 Transport
C2
 Waste processing
C3
 Disposal
C4
 Recycling Potential
D
1This impact category deals mainly with the eventual impact of low dose ionizing radiation on human health of the nuclear fuel cycle. It does not consider effects due to possible nuclear accidents, occupational exposure nor due to radioactive waste disposal in underground facilities. Potential ionizing radiation from the soil, from radon and from some construction materials is also not measured by this indicator.
2The results of this environmental impact indicator shall be used with care as the uncertainties on these results are high or as there is limited experiences with the indicator.
Økotoksisitet, ferskvann (ETP-fw) 2
  • 193.8
  • 15.3
  • 8.7
  • 193.8
  • 9.768
  • 0
  • -2479
Toksisitet påvirkning på mennesker, kreft (HTP-c) 2
  • 6.232E-9
  • 5.94E-10
  • 3.38E-10
  • 6.232E-9
  • 3.77E-10
  • 0
  • -1.23E-8
Toksisitet påvirkning på mennesker, andre effekter enn kreft (HTP-nc) 2
  • 1.959E-7
  • 1.08E-8
  • 4.91E-9
  • 1.959E-7
  • 5.994E-9
  • 0
  • -2.313E-7
Ioniserende stråling, helseeffekt (IRP) 1
  • 1.072
  • 0.112
  • 0.0638
  • 1.072
  • 0.07141
  • 0
  • -4.605
Påvirkninger knyttet til arealbruksendringer / jordkvalitet (SQP) 2
  • 172.1
  • 3.34
  • 1.9
  • 172.1
  • 2.135
  • 0
  • -753.9
Partikkelutslipp (PM) 2
  • 0.000001308
  • 5.5E-8
  • 2.34E-8
  • 0.000001308
  • 3.099E-8
  • 0
  • -0.000002074