EPD Ireland
Data stock: Data that has been made publicly available

Process data set overview page

Data set: C16/20 Readymix Concrete (0% GGBS Cement Replacement) (00.03.000)

Full name
C16/20 Readymix Concrete (0% GGBS Cement Replacement)
Location
IE
Reference year
2025
Valid until
2030
Reference flow(s)
Type
EPD
Parameterized?
no
LCIA results included?
yes
Category
Synonyms
Use advice for data set
This EPD covers cradle to gate with options, modules C1–C4, and module D. The options include A4, A5 (construction installation stage) and B (User stage). In the B stages B1 (Use) covers carbonation during the life of the concrete.
Data set use approval
General comment
Data quality: Geographical representativeness: Data is from the area under study (Ireland/Europe), where all the raw materials come from Ireland. The geographical representativeness is thus assumed to be ‘very good’. Technical representativeness: Data is from the processes and products under study. The same state of technology is used by all the readymix manufacturers in Ireland. The processes use electricity for mixing and diesel for internal transport. The electricity record is for electricity generated by a mix of renewables and fossil fuel resources, which is the average electricity mix for the island of Ireland. The records for cement and GGBS are those specifically used in the industry in Ireland and are the best possible sources for these representative readymix products. The reference for cement is from the average cement EPD published by Cement Manufacturers Ireland in 2022. The technical representativeness is thus assumed to be ‘very good’. Time representativeness: The production year used in this LCA is 2023. The Ecoinvent version 3.9.1 database was used to represent energies and processes. This version of Ecoinvent was issued in March 2023. The main raw materials used CEM II/A-L cement and GGBS manufactured in Ireland are represented by EPDs which are for these exact specific products and were published in 2022 and 2024 respectively. The time representativeness is thus assumed to be ‘very good’. Allocation: The measurement of environmental impacts in this EPD uses the LCIA methodologies recommended for PEF 3.0. In this EPD, the waste processes are allocated in the relevant module. In the case of the use of secondary materials or energy recovered from secondary fuels, the system boundary between the system under study and the previous system (providing the secondary materials) is set where outputs of the previous system, e.g. materials, products, building elements or energy, reach the end-of-waste state. The modularity and the polluter payer principles have been followed. Cut-off criteria: All relevant inputs and outputs - like emissions, energy and materials - have been taken into account in this LCA, and in accordance with EN15804+A2:2019. The study covers at least 95% of the materials and energy per module and at least 99% of the total use of materials and energy of each unit process. Long term emissions have been excluded from the study.
LCI Method Principle
LCI Method Approaches
No records found.
Completeness of product model
No statement
Reviews
  • Independent external review by
License and access conditions
Copyright
yes
License type
Free of charge for all users and uses
Access information
None
Owner of data set
Irish Concrete Federation
Technical purpose
Concrete is a material formed by mixing cement and/or other binders, coarse and fine aggregate and water, with or without the incorporation of admixtures and additions. Fresh concrete is manufactured at readymix batch plants and is delivered to the construction sites in a liquid state. Fresh concrete is placed, compacted and then hardens in the required shape via a chemical reaction. The mix proportions of a specific load of concrete vary significantly depending on element performance requirements, workability, method of placing, aggregate properties and aggregate grading. This ability to tailor a concrete mix is a key advantage of the product but it does mean that there are almost infinite possible mix permutations. This EPD is one of a suite of representative industry EPDs produced to cover a range of typical mixes produced by ICF members. It should be noted that the technical information provided here is indicative and any mix design decisions should be agreed with your concrete supplier. The Irish Concrete Federation (ICF) is the national representative organisation for the Irish aggregates and concrete products industry. The Federation has 74 members and associate members operating at approximately 300 locations throughout the country. The membership is made up of both publicly listed and family owned businesses. ICF members are responsible for the manufacture and supply of the key building materials used in the construction of Ireland’s built environment. The majority of ICF members manufacture aggregates (crushed rock, sand and gravel), ready mixed concrete and precast concrete products for supply to the Irish construction industry. In addition, some members manufacture agricultural lime which is used by farmers to improve soil fertility. Readymix concrete is manufactured in accordance with I.S. EN 206:2013+A2:2021 Concrete- Part1: Specification, performance, production and conformity.
Input Products
No records found.
Co-Products
No records found.
Data set version
00.03.000
Time stamp (last saved)
2025-06-19T11:27:36
Data set format
Compliance systems
  • EN 15804+A2 (Overall compliance: Fully compliant)
  • ISO 14025 (Overall compliance: Fully compliant)
  • ISO 21930 (Overall compliance: Fully compliant)
Tag
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