78616510-3d7b-42fc-9714-8c788f24cab9 CEM II/A-L 42,5 N bag Data quality: Time Representativeness In this LCA the data relating to the manufacturing of the clinker and the cements, and the data relating to the background processes for environmental impacts are less than 2 years old. The production year of this LCA is 2024, and the Ecoinvent version 3.11 (November 2024) database is used. These are less than 2 years apart. Time Representativeness is considered to be Very good. Geographical Representativeness The processes and material references used in this LCA to represent the production of the clinker and cements are geographically representative, insofar as the production location of the clinker and cements, and the raw materials supplied, lie within the regions for which the relevant Ecoinvent (version 3.11) environmental records have been selected, such as Europe, and Rest of World (for outside of Europe). Geographical Representativeness is considered to be Very good. Technical Representativeness Processes and energies used in the process have been modelled based on data provided by Breedon Cement and are based directly on the production data supplied by Breedon Cement in relation to raw materials, processes, emissions and wastes generated. The main impacts from the manufacture of clinker (CO2 and other emissions to air of a variety of chemical substances) in the clinker manufacturing process are taken directly from the ETS AER-Installation Report, published by the Irish Environmental Protection Agency. Impact datasets for other materials such as gypsum, shale, bags and grinding media have used datasets from Ecoinvent version 3.11, and thus the technical representativeness of the data on the raw materials is robust. Technical Representativeness is considered to be Very good. Allocation: The measurement of environmental impacts in this EPD uses the LCIA methodologies recommended for PEF 3.1. In this EPD, the waste processes are allocated in the relevant module. In the case of the use of secondary materials or energy recovered from secondary fuels, the system boundary between the system under study and the previous system (providing the secondary materials) is set where outputs of the previous system, e.g. materials, products, building elements or energy, reach the end-of-waste state. The modularity and the polluter payer principles have been followed. Cut-off criteria: All relevant inputs and outputs - like emissions, energy and materials - have been taken into account in this LCA, and in accordance with EN15804+A2:2019. The study covers at least 95% of the materials and energy per module and at least 99% of the total use of materials and energy of each unit process. Long term emissions have been excluded from the study. 1 2026 2031 "2026-02-12" - "2031-02-11" 2026-02-12 United Kingdom. The technical data for CEM II/A-L 42,5 N bag cement is given the table below. Cement is a hydraulic binder which means it hardens and sets to yield mortar when mixed with sand and water or concrete when mixed with aggregates, sand and water. The main material components of the cement are clinker, limestone and gypsum. Clinker is produced by combining naturally occurring minerals, primarily limestone, shale and clays in the cement kiln at very high material temperatures of up to 1500 degC, where the required calcium silicate and aluminate clinker minerals are formed, namely Alite (C3S), Belite (C2S) and tri-calcium aluminate (C3A). Clinker production at Breedon Ireland is achieved by co-processing coal, (which represents less than 20% of the system thermal energy requirement) with renewable alternative fuels, primarily Solid Recovered Fuel derived from the non-recyclable paper, plastic fragments known as SRF, carefully prepared by domestic waste sector. Co-processing enables both the thermal energy value to be recovered replacing fossil fuel use and the mineral components to be fully recycled, replacing virgin raw materials. Clinker, limestone and gypsum, the latter acting at a setting control material for the final product, are ground to a very fine powder known as cement. Minor components of FDPC (Flue dust Portland cement), grinding aid materials and chromate reducing agents are also added to further optimise performance requirements. The cement is manufactured at the Breedon Cement Ireland Limited manufacturing facility at Kinnegad, Co. Westmeath, Ireland in accordance with I.S. EN 197-1:2011,Compositions, specifications and conformity criteria for common cements. EPD EN 16908:2022 Cement and building lime specific dataset ecoinvent database (all versions) This EPD covers the Product Stage modules: A1, A2 and A3. This is termed 'cradle to gate'. Ole M. K. Iversen EN 15804+A2 Fully compliant Fully compliant Fully compliant Fully compliant Fully compliant Fully compliant ISO 14025 Fully compliant Fully compliant Fully compliant Fully compliant Fully compliant Fully compliant ISO 21930 Fully compliant Fully compliant Fully compliant Fully compliant Fully compliant Fully compliant LCA.no AS 2026-02-23T10:37:20 ILCD format EPD Data Format Extensions v1.2 EPD Data Format Extensions v1.2 EPD-Datenformaterweiterungen v1.2 00.03.000 2026-02-23T09:30:05.1365227Z EPD Ireland EPDIE-26-326 Breedon Cement Ireland Ltd true Free of charge for all users and uses None EPD Ireland CEM II/A-L 42,5 N bag General reminder flow Output 1 1 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured Use of renewable primary energy (PERE) Fornybar primærenergi brukt som energibærer (RPEE) General reminder flow Input 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured MJ Use of renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials (PERM) Fornybar primærenergi brukt som energibærer (RPEE) General reminder flow Input 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured MJ Total use of renewable primary energy resource (PERT) Total bruk av fornybar primærenergi (TPE) General reminder flow Input 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured MJ Use of non renewable primary energy (PENRE) Ikke fornybar primærenergi brukt som energibærer (NRPE) General reminder flow Input 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured MJ Use of non renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials (PENRM) Ikke fornybar primærenergi brukt som råmateriale (NRPM) General reminder flow Input 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured MJ Total use of non renewable primary energy resource (PENRT) Total nicht erneuerbare Primärenergie (PENRT) General reminder flow Input 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured MJ Use of secondary material (SM) Bruk av sekundære materialer (SM) General reminder flow Input 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured kg Use of renewable secondary fuels (RSF) Bruk av fornybart sekundære brensel (RSF) General reminder flow Input 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured MJ Use of non renewable secondary fuels (NRSF) Bruk av ikke fornybart sekundære brensel (NRSF) General reminder flow Input 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured MJ Use of net fresh water (FW) Netto bruk av ferskvann (W) General reminder flow Input 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured m3 Hazardous waste disposed (HWD) Avhendet farlig avfall (HW) General reminder flow Output 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured kg Non hazardous waste dispose (NHWD) Avhendet ikke-farlig avfall (NHW) General reminder flow Output 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured kg Radioactive waste disposed (RWD) Avhendet radioaktivt avfall (RW) General reminder flow Output 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured kg Components for re-use (CRU) Komponenter for gjenbruk (CR) General reminder flow Output 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured kg Materials for recycling (MFR) Materialer for resirkulering (MR) General reminder flow Output 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured kg Materials for energy recovery (MER) Materialer for energigjenvinning (MER) General reminder flow Output 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured kg Exported electrical energy (EEE) Eksportert elektrisk energi(EEE) General reminder flow Output 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured MJ Exported thermal energy (EET) Eksportert termisk energi (ETE) General reminder flow Output 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured MJ Acidification potential, Accumulated Exceedance (AP) Forsurningspotensial for kilder på land og vann (AP) 0 undefined 0 mol H+ eqv. Global Warming Potential - total (GWP-total) Globalt oppvarmingspotensial -totalt (GWPtotal) 0 undefined 0 kg CO2 eqv. Global Warming Potential - biogenic (GWP-biogenic) Globalt oppvarmingspotensial - biogene kilder( GWP-biogenic) 0 undefined 0 kg CO2 eqv. Global Warming Potential - fossil fuels (GWP-fossil) Globalt oppvarmingspotensial - fossile brensler (GWP-fossil) 0 undefined 0 kg CO2 eqv. Global Warming Potential - land use and land use change (GWP-luluc) Globalt oppvarmingspotensial arealbruk endringer i bruk av arealer (GWP-luluc) 0 undefined 0 kg CO2 eqv. Potential Comparative Toxic Unit for ecosystems (ETP-fw) Økotoksisitet, ferskvann (ETP-fw) 0 undefined 0 CTUe Potential incidence of disease due to PM emissions (PM) Partikkelutslipp (PM) 0 undefined 0 disease incidence Eutrophication potential - marine (EP-marine) Overgjødslingspotensial til hav (EP-marine), hav og jord 0 undefined 0 kg N eqv. Eutrophication potential - freshwater (EP-freshwater) Overgjødslingspotensial til ferskvann (EP-freshwater) 0 undefined 0 kg P eqv. Eutrophication potential - terrestrial (EP-terrestrial) Overgjødslingspotensial til jord (EP-terrestrial) 0 undefined 0 mol N eqv. Potential Comparative Toxic Unit for humans - cancer effects (HTP-c) Toksisitet påvirkning på mennesker, kreft (HTP-c) 0 undefined 0 CTUh Potential Comparative Toxic Unit for humans - non-cancer effects (HTP-nc) Toksisitet påvirkning på mennesker, andre effekter enn kreft (HTP-nc) 0 undefined 0 CTUh Potential Human exposure efficiency relative to U235 (IRP) Ioniserende stråling, helseeffekt (IRP) 0 undefined 0 kBq U235 eqv. Potential Soil quality index (SQP) Påvirkninger knyttet til arealbruksendringer / jordkvalitet (SQP) 0 undefined 0 unitless Depletion potential of the stratospheric ozone layer (ODP) Potensial for nedbryting av stratosfærisk ozon (ODP) 0 undefined 0 kg CFC 11 eqv. Photochemical Ozone Creation Potential (POCP) Potensial for fotokjemisk oksidantdanning (POCP) 0 undefined 0 kg NMVOC eqv. Abiotic depletion potential - fossil resources (ADPF) Abiotisk utarmingspotensial for fossile ressurser, fosile brensler (ADP-fossil) 0 undefined 0 MJ Abiotic depletion potential - non-fossil resources (ADPE) Abiotisk utarmingspotensial for ikke-fossile ressurser, mineraler (ADP-elements) 0 undefined 0 kg Sb-eqv. Water (user) deprivation potential (WDP) Utarmingspotensial for vannressurser (WDP) 0 undefined 0 m3 world eqv. Global warming potential except emissions and uptake of biogenic carbon (GWP-IOBC/GHG) Globalt oppvarmingspotensial beregnet etter prinsippet om umiddelbar oksidasjon (GWP-IOBC) 0 undefined 0 kg CO2 eqv.