933289d9-097e-49ef-ac8e-0184c769dce6 City Pave VS5 The dataset is representative for the production processes used in 2020. The data Quality Level, according to Table E.1 of EN 15804 +A2, Annex E, is ‘very good’. Allocation of electricity types and amounts to the various manufacturing processes has been provided by Tobermore along with production waste and direct emissions. Allocation of impacts to the products is based on the product composition mass. The electricity used by Tobermore is 100% renewable. All primary data has been supplied directly by Tobermore Ltd. The cut-off criteria of section 6.3.6 of EN15804 +A2 have been followed, where 99% of the total energy and materials are included, and the total neglected input flows for the modules reported on in the LCA are less than 5% of the energy usage and mass. 1 2022 2027 2022-03-23 Ireland Material, Percentage range Cement 7 to 23% Sands and aggregates 60 to 85% Pigments and admixtures ~ 1% Water 4 to 10% Shrinkwrap packaging 0.03% Tobermore concrete paving, walling and kerb products are made with sands, cements and pigments specially selected for their aesthetic and functional performance. They are manufactured in accordance with BS EN 1338 and BS EN 1339: Concrete Paving Blocks and Flags - Requirements and Test Methods. BS EN 771:3:2011 Aggregate concrete masonry units (Dense and lightweight aggregates) BS EN 1340:2003 Concrete kerb units. Requirements and test methods. Products are manufactured in two parts - a facing mix, that is mixed seperately, and is then placed on top of a base mix. The facing mix is some 8mm thick, and this is placed on top of the base mix, which is of varying thickness, (depending on loading). The facing mix comprises special sands and pigments for appearance. The base mix comprises standard sands and cement, and does not have any pigments. The declared unit of this type of product is one m². Specialist sands are coloured white, grey, black, red and/or other as defined. Cements are either CEM II (general use), CEM I (for high strength) or CEM I white for appearance. The mean density of the hardened products is 2350 kg/m³. Most of the sands and aggregates are sourced from Tobermore’s own quarries in the locality. Cements are locally sourced from within Northern Ireland. Some specialist sands come from quarries outside of Northern Ireland, within the EU. The finished products are then supplied to customers in bales, shrink-wrapped in polythene comprising 30% recycled plastic. Pallets are not included in the calculation. A1 Raw materials supply: The raw materials, sands, pigments, admixtures and cements are sourced from within the represntative geographic area. This module takes into account extraction and processing (including energies) of raw materials before delivery to Tobermore. A2 Transport: This module covers the impacts of the transport of the raw materials to the production site. A3 Manufacturing: The paving products are manufactured from specially selected sands, cement, water and a variety of admixtures. The ingredients are batch-weighed and mixed in a concrete pan mixer and dropped through a weigh hopper into moulds for setting. The wet mixes are placed in a curing chamber where the the paving products harden and set. After leaving the curing oven, the paving products are finished according to intended market. The finishing processes are: (a) tumbling in a rotating drum, (b) texturing by shot-blasting the facing surface, and (c) grinding of the facing surface with a carbide tipped grinding head. A proportion of the products do not go through any of the finishing processes. Some products are both textured and ground. After finishing, the paving products are shrink-wrapped and then stored onsite for onward delivery to the customers. EPD PCR - Part A Implementation and use of I.S. EN 15804:2012+A1 and + A2, and CEN TR 16970:2016 in Ireland for the development of Environmental Product Declarations (issued 17.08.2021), Version 2.0 specific dataset ecoinvent database (all versions) This LCA covers the Product (A1 - A3), Construction Process (A4, A5), End of Life Stage (C1 - C4) stages, as well as as the benefits and loads beyond the system boundary (D). EPDIE-21-67 Marcel Gómez Ferrer, Marcel Gómez Consultoria Ambiental EN 15804+A2 Fully compliant Fully compliant Fully compliant Fully compliant Fully compliant Fully compliant ISO 14025 Fully compliant Fully compliant Fully compliant Fully compliant Fully compliant Fully compliant ISO 21930 Fully compliant Fully compliant Fully compliant Fully compliant Fully compliant Fully compliant LCA.no AS 2023-06-13T15:43:24 ILCD format EPD Data Format Extensions v1.2 EPD Data Format Extensions v1.2 EPD-Datenformaterweiterungen v1.2 00.03.001 2023-06-13T13:42:10.2779142Z EPD Ireland EPDIE-21-67 Tobermore Concrete Products Ltd true Free of charge for all users and uses None EPD Ireland City Pave VS5 General reminder flow Output 1 1 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured Use of renewable primary energy (PERE) Fornybar primærenergi brukt som energibærer (RPEE) General reminder flow Input 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 21.142145358018 0.272107662608 18.273319524690 2.112186424900 1.983993366229 0.000000000000 0.103853883454 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 -2.106002261015 MJ Use of renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials (PERM) Fornybar primærenergi brukt som energibærer (RPEE) General reminder flow Input 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 MJ Total use of renewable primary energy resource (PERT) Total bruk av fornybar primærenergi (TPE) General reminder flow Input 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 21.142145358018 0.272107662608 18.273319524690 2.112186424900 1.983993366229 0.000000000000 0.103853883454 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 -2.106002261015 MJ Use of non renewable primary energy (PENRE) Ikke fornybar primærenergi brukt som energibærer (NRPE) General reminder flow Input 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 164.433153753522 21.129144259934 23.305699843054 194.247454432800 10.450148406244 0.000000000000 7.702280269167 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 -26.279768667758 MJ Use of non renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials (PENRM) Ikke fornybar primærenergi brukt som råmateriale (NRPM) General reminder flow Input 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 MJ Total use of non renewable primary energy resource (PENRT) Total nicht erneuerbare Primärenergie (PENRT) General reminder flow Input 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 164.433153753522 21.129144259934 23.305699843054 194.247454432800 10.450148406244 0.000000000000 7.702280269167 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 -26.279768667758 MJ Use of secondary material (SM) Bruk av sekundære materialer (SM) General reminder flow Input 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 185.575299111539 21.401251922542 41.579019367745 196.359640789550 12.434141772463 0.000000000000 7.806134152621 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 -28.385770928764 kg Use of renewable secondary fuels (RSF) Bruk av fornybart sekundære brensel (RSF) General reminder flow Input 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 1.471075794446 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.073553789722 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 -0.049687585640 MJ Use of non renewable secondary fuels (NRSF) Bruk av ikke fornybart sekundære brensel (NRSF) General reminder flow Input 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 21.020432436301 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 1.051021621815 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 -0.709993693602 MJ Use of net fresh water (FW) Netto bruk av ferskvann (W) General reminder flow Input 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 0.460363470869 0.002039021629 0.002530030668 0.030187451400 0.023229002372 0.000000000000 0.000775870090 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 -0.037143950079 m3 Hazardous waste disposed (HWD) Avhendet farlig avfall (HW) General reminder flow Output 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 0.000191078183 0.000048898474 0.000047016013 0.000115920708 0.000014277066 0.000000000000 0.000019002078 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 -0.000055945192 kg Non hazardous waste dispose (NHWD) Avhendet ikke-farlig avfall (NHW) General reminder flow Output 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 3.313473602646 0.878085764805 0.064093756995 8.133269199950 0.212797957284 0.000000000000 0.352826046277 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 -0.815064862830 kg Radioactive waste disposed (RWD) Avhendet radioaktivt avfall (RW) General reminder flow Output 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 0.003395949290 0.000135756574 0.000139975668 0.001232960400 0.000183623325 0.000000000000 0.000049420001 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 -0.000235892588 kg Components for re-use (CRU) Komponenter for gjenbruk (CR) General reminder flow Output 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 kg Materials for recycling (MFR) Materialer for resirkulering (MR) General reminder flow Output 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 kg Materials for energy recovery (MER) Materialer for energigjenvinning (MER) General reminder flow Output 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 kg Exported electrical energy (EEE) Eksportert elektrisk energi(EEE) General reminder flow Output 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 MJ Exported thermal energy (EET) Eksportert termisk energi (ETE) General reminder flow Output 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 MJ Acidification potential, Accumulated Exceedance (AP) Forsurningspotensial for kilder på land og vann (AP) 0 undefined 0 0.090015970914 0.007876656015 0.009811993814 0.055682078638 0.005381411131 0.000000000000 0.001378216619 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 -0.021289046289 mol H+ eqv. Global Warming Potential - total (GWP-total) Globalt oppvarmingspotensial -totalt (GWPtotal) 0 undefined 0 31.817525456380 1.341402393538 1.713569895403 12.038609006844 1.743703400520 0.000000000000 0.480244851891 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 -2.517006339196 kg CO2 eqv. Global Warming Potential - biogenic (GWP-biogenic) Globalt oppvarmingspotensial - biogene kilder( GWP-biogenic) 0 undefined 0 0.008955910121 0.000562835264 0.016195851602 0.004251271654 0.001269547838 0.000000000000 0.000257984346 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 -0.003296018362 kg CO2 eqv. Global Warming Potential - fossil fuels (GWP-fossil) Globalt oppvarmingspotensial - fossile brensler (GWP-fossil) 0 undefined 0 31.806343714000 1.340328579281 1.697171447244 12.030997396916 1.742287062176 0.000000000000 0.479831753880 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 -2.513143986126 kg CO2 eqv. Global Warming Potential - land use and land use change (GWP-luluc) Globalt oppvarmingspotensial arealbruk endringer i bruk av arealer (GWP-luluc) 0 undefined 0 0.002542598655 0.000553740631 0.000264839793 0.003791100850 0.000167868214 0.000000000000 0.000170781667 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 -0.000643710412 kg CO2 eqv. Potential Comparative Toxic Unit for ecosystems (ETP-fw) Økotoksisitet, ferskvann (ETP-fw) 0 undefined 0 205.740977826488 15.772208219677 23.233518880537 129.094574086403 12.165037088061 0.000000000000 5.843687566577 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 -549.331887344544 CTUe Potential incidence of disease due to PM emissions (PM) Partikkelutslipp (PM) 0 undefined 0 0.000000712951 0.000000080118 0.000000189589 0.000000737039 0.000000049108 0.000000000000 0.000000030492 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 -0.000000287594 disease incidence Eutrophication potential - marine (EP-marine) Overgjødslingspotensial til hav (EP-marine), hav og jord 0 undefined 0 0.025166368315 0.001679786740 0.003360725674 0.010606812044 0.001509921268 0.000000000000 0.000272851089 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 -0.007062226713 kg N eqv. Eutrophication potential - freshwater (EP-freshwater) Overgjødslingspotensial til ferskvann (EP-freshwater) 0 undefined 0 0.000123689046 0.000010206525 0.000013927336 0.000183076666 0.000007768178 0.000000000000 0.000003832513 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 -0.000023117342 kg P eqv. Eutrophication potential - terrestrial (EP-terrestrial) Overgjødslingspotensial til jord (EP-terrestrial) 0 undefined 0 0.293461918504 0.018756656210 0.036778507541 0.120433461226 0.017447793545 0.000000000000 0.003051995710 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 -0.092318714791 mol N eqv. Potential Comparative Toxic Unit for humans - cancer effects (HTP-c) Toksisitet påvirkning på mennesker, kreft (HTP-c) 0 undefined 0 0.000000119650 0.000000000503 0.000000000985 0.000000003823 0.000000006056 0.000000000000 0.000000000163 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 -0.000000004752 CTUh Potential Comparative Toxic Unit for humans - non-cancer effects (HTP-nc) Toksisitet påvirkning på mennesker, andre effekter enn kreft (HTP-nc) 0 undefined 0 0.000000193191 0.000000016324 0.000000026844 0.000000141094 0.000000011805 0.000000000000 0.000000006157 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 -0.000000031600 CTUh Potential Human exposure efficiency relative to U235 (IRP) Ioniserende stråling, helseeffekt (IRP) 0 undefined 0 0.638584863892 0.086793593998 0.087581878686 0.784376588049 0.040677012194 0.000000000000 0.031709457660 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 -0.100671166755 kBq U235 eqv. Potential Soil quality index (SQP) Påvirkninger knyttet til arealbruksendringer / jordkvalitet (SQP) 0 undefined 0 156.189387418425 12.826491624114 4.682648175354 117.916796149437 8.681429124901 0.000000000000 5.075932405209 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 -40.904206123005 unitless Depletion potential of the stratospheric ozone layer (ODP) Potensial for nedbryting av stratosfærisk ozon (ODP) 0 undefined 0 0.000000460713 0.000000300469 0.000000326300 0.000002734030 0.000000054462 0.000000000000 0.000000109144 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 -0.000000285587 kg CFC 11 eqv. Photochemical Ozone Creation Potential (POCP) Potensial for fotokjemisk oksidantdanning (POCP) 0 undefined 0 0.106115542649 0.005846565291 0.010839155020 0.039651725591 0.006138635363 0.000000000000 0.001169119986 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 -0.022538377093 kg NMVOC eqv. Abiotic depletion potential - fossil resources (ADPF) Abiotisk utarmingspotensial for fossile ressurser, fosile brensler (ADP-fossil) 0 undefined 0 161.175379772624 19.902393678017 21.926369133177 182.957088519699 10.156472773788 0.000000000000 7.255176091988 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 -24.955262805312 MJ Abiotic depletion potential - non-fossil resources (ADPE) Abiotisk utarmingspotensial for ikke-fossile ressurser, mineraler (ADP-elements) 0 undefined 0 0.000148958502 0.000034167540 0.000017722716 0.000033814604 0.000008773996 0.000000000000 0.000013244429 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 -0.000027585276 kg Sb-eqv. Water (user) deprivation potential (WDP) Utarmingspotensial for vannressurser (WDP) 0 undefined 0 9.381498409001 0.054276626306 0.079739694754 1.402885856311 0.476355542691 0.000000000000 0.020530944938 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 -1.203047285194 m3 world eqv. Global warming potential except emissions and uptake of biogenic carbon (GWP-IOBC/GHG) Globalt oppvarmingspotensial beregnet etter prinsippet om umiddelbar oksidasjon (GWP-IOBC) 0 undefined 0 kg CO2 eqv.